what happened to pharaoh after the exodus

The messenger sent to you is mad, ridiculed the Pharaoh, and the courtiers laughed. Unless subsequent scribes had decided to change the words. Back of the line! Akhenaten left thebes and built his new capital in the desert. Akhenatens sudden monotheism thus is evidence of the impact of the ten plagues on the Egyptians! 828 B.C. The Protectorate of Lycurgus - 828 B.C. pp.241,289-295 (1994 edition.). [4] In order to connect the revelation in v. 19 with the death of Pharaoh recorded in 2:23, the LXX repeats the information here again (Exod 4:19, LXX): After those many days, the King of Egypt died. These Babylonian linguistic tablets from the Philistines to Egypt are to be dated to circa 1384 B.C., when: 1) Ehud, the son of Gera, of the tribe of Benjamin, delivers the Israelites from Eglon (Judges 3:16 -20); and 2) Shamgar, the son of Anath, kills 600 Palestinian men with an ox goad the same year (Judges 3:31). Is this a miracle? 480 divided by 13 is about 37 years per high priests tenure. And using Josephus with a new understanding that he applies this same 10 month calendar prior to Cyrus I, and knowing how to properly date the Bible by taking its annual reckonings literally, we will see the Bible reckon the actual Exodus date as 1551 B.C., vetted by Josephus and by the Greeks as cited by Early Christian Church writers. I believe in the inerrancy of the original manuscripts and, as well, that God does indeed preserve His word from generation to generation. Is this a proto-Israelite house? Why was Daniel taken captive to Babylon? (17) God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines.--In Exodus 13:17-19 the writer interposes some parenthetic remarks, which are not a continuation of the narrative interrupted (Exodus 12:42), but rather reflections that occur to him.The starting point of the journey being Tanis or Rameses, in the Eastern Delta, not far from the sea, he sees that . At last, Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt after celebrating the Passover. The Israeli man asked the help of Moses, who came forthwith to his rescue and, in frenzy, boxed the Egyptian. The calculation of the last year of the Trojan War is affirmed in the ancient witnesses utilized by the Church Fathers: as being about 1031 1034 B.C. Archer, Gleason L. A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Chicago: Moody Press, 1964, p. 164, (1974 edition. Kadesh: 31 years earlier. As the Book of Exodus opens, a new king has risen over Egypt, one concerned that the descendants of Jacob were becoming too numerous (Exodus 1:8-9). (Og king of Bashan was the last of the Rephaites. . The facts are the positions of stars in the sky seeing by eyes or telescopes; an interpretation of it by Ptolomey or Copernicus is not a fact (physical). Im sorry you invested you life in nonsense. Accordingly, a certain pious Israeli woman was fortunate to give birth to a baby son, whom she named Aaron, in the year of condoning, but since she was again expecting during a killing year, she was anxious and tried to keep herself away from the eyes of Pharaohs spies, in case she bore a male baby. After a two-year period, Moses was returned to stay with his royal foster mother, though he continued to frequent the house of his nurse. In his late childhood, Moses was aware of the truth of his real family, and that he belonged to Israeli nation, but the matter remained as a secret among the Israeli people, who might have recognized through the correlative miracles that that boy would be their savior whom they had long dreamed of. But Clement also cites the Greek historian Eratosthenes, who appears to phrase an oversight to historians. Joshua and Caleb, were there when it happened . In fact, Dever claims that the Transjordan nations werent settled enough for an Exodus until after the 11th Cent. Moses did not accept the heavy task without debate, however. This suggests an Exodus after 1174 BC as the PLST were not in Canaan before that date and Israel feared the Philistines on her departure from Rameses in Egypt. The Bible says that the Israelites built Raamses, and since Ramesses the second, who began his rule around 1290 B.C., built a royal city named Pi-Ramesses, many just assume him to be the pharaoh of the Exodus. And the Lord said to Moses in Madian. Youve been told you know, now move on. However, in 332 BC Alexander the Great of Macedonia did overthrow the Throne of kings, the Persian empire, and he released its gold an silver as Greek coins, bearing his image as the head of Hercules wearing a lion-skin head-dress and a seated Zeus on the reverse. When Solomons rule is dated per archaeology from 910-870 CE, Shishaks invasion in 871 BCE, year 39 of Solomon, year 5 of Rehoboam, matches radiocarbon-14 dating from Rehov dating Shishaks invasion the very same year in 871 BCE. For example: if the time of the Exodus is pushed back from the 1200 BC to three hundred years before and the narrative is fully verbatim, then should the ruler of Egypt be Thus, Davids reign is calculated to have begun no more recent or later than 1075 to 1070 B.C David reigned in Jerusalem for 33 years, and based on Josephus calculations, until ca. Moses and the Exodus - "Let My People Go". When the army reached the middle of the road, Allah crashed the sea down, and they all were drowned. (d) I Kings 6:1 says Temple began 480 years after the Exodus. 1211 B.C., some 239 years later. I dont doubt that the Israelites could have been slaves n Egypt. Can we bring a species back from the brink?, Video Story, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi, Video Story, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Therefore, if there was an exodus the Israelites did not have a reliable date for it. The recent film Exodus, Gods and Kings had Ramesses the Great as the step-brother of Moses and the pharaoh of the Exodus. Language actually started with the Israelites in Egypt after Joseph and then Jacob/sons arrived. ); cf. )the Temple of Aya and Horemheb was demolished. If Amenhotep II was the exodus-pharaoh, his firstborn son had to die without the chance to rule, which the historical record should confirm. The Egyptian state long had a presence far up the eastern Mediterranean coast and its military campaigns well into Syria through Canaan are recorded in stone. To determine the correct year of the Exodus, we simply add 479 to Solomon's fourth year, 967 BC, resulting in 1446 BC. Moses was given, in that appointment, the Tablets, in which We have written of everything a sermon, and the detail of everything, and was ordered, too, to keep a firm hold to the instructions therein, and to order his folk to look upon the best of these. Before he started back to his folk, Allah told Moses that when he came to His appointment early, one man among his nation misguided them by introducing a golden calf as a god to be worshiped instead of Allah. Complete fabrication seems highly unlikely as a whole cloth fiction serves no historical function in culture. ), or it is just figurative (to cheat the enemy?). launched a major military program in the Levant. This refers to the death of the Crown Prince of Egypt. (He ruled from the late 14th century through the early 13th century B.C.E.) I dare say more than belief but absolute acceptance that it is true. On reaching the tip of the eastern horn of the Red Sea, he turned down southwardly along the coast until arriving at a settlement in the deserts of Arabia called Midian. or 13th-century B.C.E. His sister, Acenchres (called Nefertiti), is Artemis and Diana. Date the Exodus where you wish, but 1836 BCE must now be included in the discussion. Normally, it is only tales of glory and victory that are preserved in narratives from one generation to the next. Look at the evidence of 4-room houses which were peculiar to a Semitic group in Egypt and 40 years pop up in the hill country of Israel. Is this a little weekend outing, an extended vacation, or a . Translational work is essential, and God uses it for spreading His message of mercy and grace to all people on this Earth. Robert wrote: Evidence for the Exodus needs to include ALL potential dates. I can agree on that point. After the expulsion of the Hyksos and Israelites from Avaris the Israelites became the Shasu-YHW (wanderers of YHW) in the Trans Jordan for 300 years 1535-1235. In analyzing this period, we find that the late Second Century A.D. scholar of Alexandria, Egypt, Clement of Alexandria cites Homer as having been an Egyptian, and not a Greek. The Messianic Age was envisioned by Jeremiah as beginning with the fall of Babylon, after 70 years of Exile. When his cup became full, God removed him permanently. Social vs. medical egg freezing: Whats the difference? All rights reserved. Exodus 12:31 During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Up! through Ikhnaton (Amenhotep IV). Moses, trusting and resigned, returned back to where his wife was waiting, and the journey was resumed. This is a loaded question. The rest of the Israelites were welcomed into Avaris, Capital of the Hyksos.. They argue that almost 600 years elapsed, which aligns the Exodus with the Hyksos Expulsion of the mid 16th century BC. 23 And the Egyptians chased after them all Pharaoh's horses, chariots, and horsemen and followed them into the sea. Like Herodotus, Clement lists all sorts of dates that various ancient Greeks have speculated through the centuries on the man called Homer. I doubt that many historians consider the Exodus accounts to be non-historicalthe problem for archaeology is finding evidence, the problem for all academic inquiry is how to understand the interpretation of the events. I am sorry, but this website contains about as much ignorance as Answersingenesis. Combine a one-year tablet and print subscription to BAR with membership in the BAS Library to start your journey into the ancient past today! There was NO pursuit and parting of the Red Sea. It appears that a few years elapsed before the actual major construction began. There was a cooler time 1159-1140 BC. The Pharaoh of the Exodus Fairy tale or real history? You will see, if you read the 3 articles below, that the Egyptian chronology can be anchored on absolute dates fixed by astronomy and notably the period during which the Exodus took place. Explore a billion-year-old volcanic mystery on Lake Superior, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi, These Lake Superior islands are no place for amateurs. The Children of Israeli were kept in a constant state of servility: all newborn male babies were slaughtered, while the women and girls were always taken as servants to the nobles families. 5. If you translate the Hebrew its Sea of Reeds, in other words, it isnt nor was it ever the Red Sea. Minneapolis, MN. Amenhotep II would have been a Pharaoh in the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. They performed the signs, and the elders believed. His son Thutmose was the first born and he mysteriously disappears from the Egyptian records and is said by scholars to have predeceased his father. If this is true, then the oppressive pharaoh noted in Exodus (1:2-2:23) was Seti I (reigned 1318-04), and the pharaoh during the Exodus was Ramses II (c. 1304-c. But when noted archaeologist Dame Kathleen Kenyon dug up Jericho, she specifically noted that her evidence contradicted these two theories for WHEN the Exodus happened. Using the Torah one can follow the lineage for ADAM to the BIBLICAL FLOOD which equates to 1656 years. Did the sea roll back at his bidding? (c) Exodus Exodus 1:11 if this points to the Pharaoh of the Ramses dynasty, this would put the Exodus to 1234- 1214B.C. My conclusions? Accordingly, Moses threatened Al-Samerie Allahs punishment for his wrong doing in this world and the hereafter, and the golden calf was seized and put into a furnace until it reached an excessive temperature, and then it was thrown off into the sea to explode into pieces. https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/were-jews-ever-really-slaves-in-egypt-1.5208519. The biblical story of the Israelites' Descent and Exodus speaks about important events that took place in Egypt, so we should expect to find records of these events in Egyptian sources - the seven years of famine predicted by Joseph, the arrival of his father Jacob with his Hebrew family from Canaan, the great plagues of Moses, the death of Egypt's first born, including the Pharaoh's . Judges 12:11 Something similar happened in Nigeria a few years ago . But this Pharaoh could not have been the ruler at the time of the Exodus! Sift through the storied history of ancient Israel. Recently saw the DVD Decoding the Exodus by Simca Jacobovic. The name Pi-Ramesse went out of use by the beginning of Egypts Third Intermediate Period, which began around 1085 B.C.E., and does not reappear until much later. As noted, it is not IF the Exodus happened but WHEN! The Clementine Stromata Book 1, Chapter 21 with Josephus Antiquities of the Jews (AoJ) and the Bible, presents us a clear outline. Also a whole, free city (Avaris) civilization of Semites arrive and grew in the period buried beneath city of Rameses. It seems solid. 957 B.C.- Ionia is founded 909 B.C. Vadim, you just left an archaeological trail that 1,000,000 Jews left the Soviet for Israel. Why did he build a city in the desert? Aaron was absolved of the sin, and it became clear that it was Al-Samerie who was responsible for the aberration. After their departure, Pharaoh hardened his heart and sent his army after the Israelites, who were encamped near the Red Sea. This datum would suggest the Exodus has to be AFTER the arrival of the Philistines in Canaan, circa 1174 BC. Who created it? Clues: (a) if the period of the Hyksos should be agreed upon, although very unlikely, then the date of the Exodus should be c1550. 1375 1358 B.C., calls for Egypt to deliver the Philistine Lords from their apiru or habiru oppressors. For that reason, I believe the Exodus story is fact just because it all sounds plausible thematically at its core. This is all documented in the 15th century, not 13th like the scholars falsely assume.. One cannot base science on assumptions and guess work. Date of the Exodus is very difficult to fix with certainty. It is estimated that over a million Russian Jews emigrated in a space of 5 years. Ramses came along more than a hundred years after the Atenism was suppressed. Rob, that was debunked as fake news ages ago. ), which points to Amenhotep III and Akhenaten. The portrayal of MOSES as a hero speaks to the character and mentality of those who to this day deem it such..cliches and platitudes aside.. Ive been to a mainline Protestant seminary and heres my take: a much smaller group of Israelites than documented in Exodus escaped enslavement in Egypt to make it to Israel where their relative clans were already settled. The days from the end of Dec. to the beginning of March, were not assigned to any month at all. No? You doubters can call it hogwash if you like. until ca. Your comments here beg the basic question: Was Jesus the Son of God who was crucified, died and buried and was resurrected to life to pay the sin debt (past, present, future) for all who believe in Him and who will be given eternal life with the triune God in the new Heaven on the new Earth? Pharaoh again stubbornly persisted in disobedience. The estimated timing of the Israelite Exodus from Egypt puts it right in the middle of the reign of Ramses II -- widely considered the greatest Pharaoh ever. 2) The lack of evidence from the time of Moses in Egypt to the time of deliverance after getting the 10 Commandments is NOT proof that these events happened. Thus those who take this view are not really taking the text seriously. With all this coordinated archaeology, it should be clear the dating of the Exodus should be at the end of the reign of Amenhotep III and that Akhenatens monotheism was thus a direct result of the 10 plagues. In reality, it was probably vaguer and less impressive. One can look at the instructions given by the HEBREW deity and clearly see it portrays an anthropomorphic primitive ethnocentric tribal warlord. It could well be that the scribes of the 600s and 500s BC pulled together some of what happened centuries before and wrote about it, reflecting the events and lessons of their own time as well. As ancient Egyptian rulers, pharaohs were both the heads of state and the religious leaders of their people. date which suits neither the school of scholars which would date the entry As with all archaeological issues, the Bible, not scholarly opinion is the foundation for truth. We will get out your body rescued from the sea to make of you a lesson for the coming generations. It is as though this is much metaphor for what has happened in Babylonia and the wait for deliverance from there? It happened that the folk regarded me a weak one, and they had nearly killed me. Thutmose IV as a Candidate for the Eldest Son of Amenhotep II. Generally, persons and places in Bible refer to historical data since the 8th cent.B.C. 1. The identity of Pharaoh in the Moses story has been much debated, but many scholars are inclined to accept that Exodus has King Ramses II in mind. From 1290 to 1210 the Judahites were conscripted to work on the canals of Pi-Ramesses (See Bietak canals K1 and K2). It is well known that large numbers of people left Egypt upon their defeat. In three years, December would be starting in July. If not Ramses II (whose first son actually did die well before him), then close predecessors and successors are all pretty significant Pharaohs. In answer to the charge, Al-Samerie said that he could get a handful of the dust that bore traces of Gabriels horse, on his coming to execute Allahs Order of drowning the Pharaoh and the Egyptian army, and that by casting this dust into the furnace he could achieve the miracle of a mooing golden calf: In such way had myself abetted me. The conquest of Canaan was a mere overwhelming by population than a military conquest. These were the sons of Bithiah daughter of Pharaoh, who Mered married.". Jews were free to come and go as they pleased and any exodus represented a net loss of the Jewish population as they left in small groups to assimilate with the Canaanites. The parts that were translatable were bolded. For instance, the names of three places that appear in the biblical account of Israels Exodus from Egypt correspond to Egyptian place names from the Ramesside Period (13th11th centuries B.C.E.). If you would consider any god but me, I will make you of the prisoners, thundered the tyrant. I can accept that much of ancient history is discussed on the basis of minimal or occasional documentation, limited concrete evidence, and just the merest of anything. The biblical narrative holds up when it is recognized that there is a wide divergence (about 350 years) between the biblical and standard timelines at the time of the Exodus. The word ". For some reason the narrative never seems to split hairs about this. For a Ramesside to name a city for Atum would be like a .a catholic ruler naming a city for Luther. The Egyptian records dont indicate what happened to Thutmose he just disappears from the records before Amenhotep died. Just finishing Velikovskys Ages in Chaos, had never heard of him until last month has there been any serious refutation of the solid reasoning behind his work? A history of enslavement is likely to be true. Clement: 1182 1142 B.C. But given that antiquity suffered a widespread catastrophe around 1200 BC, it is clear that numerous peoples or nations were on the go as refugees or as marauders. This example we see again with the Hellenization of the region and the influence of the Greek language over 1,000 years later. Outcome of the investigation ( https://www.academia.edu/30200722/ ), Grard Gertoux Jeroboam was anointed as king prior to the death of Solomon and Rehoboams reign parallels that of Jeroboam, thus Shishaks invasion occurred just prior to the death of Solomon in his 39th year. His birth, according to Philochorus, was 180 years after the Trojan War (Clement, Miscellanies, 1.21). seems to support an Exodus during the Ramesside Period. Thus, the Tell Amarna tablets become a type of formula for prayers or requests to the fabricated deities Apollo (Horus) and Diana (Acenchres), for deliverance from the Jews, and the One True Faith in GOD, the GOD of Israel. symbolizing that the earth is fit to inhabit after the giant flood has . Even to this day the exact place where Pharaoh's dead body was found afloat on the surface of the sea is known. From that time on, the Pharaoh was not slow to take precautions to save his kingdom from the predicted menace, and every effort was made to purge the Children of Israel of any newborn male. A more compelling case might be based upon landmarks and events and people which can be verified. I have heard (but not done the counting myself) that the Bible makes about 2,000 mentions of the Exodus. "Again, it's not God as the agent here," said Winger . 1070 B.C. But it also combines details from an invasion of Canaan and Transjordan circa 1174 BC or later. The Judges, like Jephthaa, are more so contemporaneous with the Tell El-Amarna tablets, than is the Exodus to its contents. A fictionor fact is a false dilemma. But I suppose there is money to be made from gullible readers who do not know what archaeology is. 12th century readers (or hearers) would not likely be aware of Avaris for instance. Her successor from 1342 to 1333 B.C. Interpretation of events and understanding is dependent upon the author(s) and may not agree with the understanding/interpretation of othersbut differences of opinion dont equate with fiction. Biblical Archaeology []. The Exodus account in the Bible mentions Israels fear of Philistines in returning to Canaan. Solomons 4th year would fall in 906 BCE, dating the Exodus to 1386 BCE. Is the pharaoh of the exodus the same as the exodus? The Koran is not a good witness to Biblical narratives. by Israel Finkelstein. The Exodus had to have taken place near the end of the 12th Dynasty. This agrees with the archaeological dating of David based on the end of the Philistine pottery period in 950 B.C.E. I hope so. Your intellectual dishonesty does no one any favours. Many say yes, while others say no. Would you use the DaVinci Code to prove the events in Humpty Dumpty took place? We can also perceive the power of IDEOLOGY thru ancient Myths, Lore and Fables on the population of the world presently. Just more fiction? Thus, according to SP, Moses did indeed relate the words of Exodus 4:22-23 as a preamble to the message in 11:4-8. 2) Exodus would be in mid-11th century. Allah subsequently ordered that the Children of Israel should start out for the Sacred Land of Jerusalem to obtain it from the heathen people inhabiting it. It really doesnt bother me or diminish my faith either way. January-February of 1063 B.C. We already know factually that significant populations of semites were residing in Egypt at more or less the right time. Sorry, Cecil. Tents and trailers will not remain after 300 years either. Ramses II also built a second city dedicated to his personal patron, Atum, called Per Atum. Now 1031 1032 B.C. nor the school which The foundation for all Abrahamic cultic ideology is a primitive mythology from the imagination of men who used it to justify ethnocentric cleansing for millennia. It certainly does not, you cant invent fiction then use said fiction as proof, [] O Exdo: Fato ou Fico? Persephone, Demeter, and Hades; Sukkot, are specific examples, of the purpose of the calendar. 1. Defending the Bible Intl. Quran says that at the time of his death-rattle, the Pharaoh uttered: I have believed that there is no God but that in Whom the Children of Israel believe; and I am of the Muslims . But death-bed conversions are not accepted by Allah, and so Allah drowned the tyrant and destined that the waves would wash up his dead body on the eastern shores of the Red Sea. What we have known from Rev Israel.Filkenstein the first pure historical names -as confirmed by archeological evidences- appear only from 8th century BC; here,maybe some old historical names of places got into texts created in 6th-1the cent BC. 1:11 and 2:23-24. Exodus 5: Moses Encounter with Pharaoh. Now YHWH will slay your first-born son.'". Among the details of the biblical account of Moses and the Exodus that are pointed to as possible contradictions in the Bible are the details of God's mandate -- as delivered to Pharaoh by Moses and Aaron -- to "let My people go.". What do yall think of the Patterns of Evidence documentary on Netflix? They discovered that Egyptian records noted a tribal group called the PLST, part of the Sea Peoples invasion of Canaan and Egypt in the reign of Rameses 3rd circa 1174 BC. The Plagues of Egypt ( ), in the story of the book of Exodus, are ten disasters inflicted on Egypt by the God of Israel in order to convince the Pharaoh to allow the Israelites to depart from slavery, each of them confronting Pharaoh and one of his Egyptian gods; they serve as "signs and marvels" given by God Yet if you go with Israel Finkelsteins anlaysis, top Israeli archaeologist, the Hebrews really emerged by a socio-religious fusion from the Canaanites. It equates to Adam being created in Oct,3760 BCE (thus 2018 CE 3760 BCE being the present date 5778). In his 19th century painting, Lourens Alma-Tadema depicts the Pharaoh after losing his firstborn son to the final plague described in Exodus. This favors fact, so the question becomes, When did the Exodus happen? The presence of such a house in Egypt during the 12th century B.C.E. There were only 13 high priests ruling in all that time. The Levites were split up between these 4 tribes. A third piece of evidence for the Exodus is the Onomasticon Amenope. Eco-friendly burial alternatives, explained. In Canaan, the four-room house is considered an ethnic marker for the presence of Israelites during the Iron Age. We are caught up, said the followers of Moses to him as they saw the vanguard of the pursuers, but Moses, who had had an abiding faith in Allah, did not turn a hair: Nay, my Lord will guide me. At this very moment Allah ordered Moses to strike with his stick at the sea, which was miraculously parted into two parts: each part was like a momentous mountain. Between the two parts of the divided sea was a dry road through which Moses and the Children of Israel removed safely to the other side. Time travel in this animation through the history of the Bible. This section is the only one that I have found where the addition of years seems to infer one meaning while being translated as another, and likely is the one that throws most chronologists off the trail. Photo: Maryl Levine. So Moses returned to his people angry and regretful. Doesnt matter, theres still no evidence of 2 million people wandering the dessertzero! Bible and Exodus is not a history book but an interpretation of history. Facts versus fiction? Josephus uses this methodology for preservation of Jewish history, when mentioning the Greek calendar, in Caesars library. I very much enjoyed the article that is in the current issue of BAR and done by Manfred Bietak, I believe. Also an expert on late night TV, examining their living circumstances, said the Israelites were not slaves, but merely lowly-paid contract workers, Cecil Blount DeMille, not withstanding. His second son was Akhenaten who abandoned the Egyptian gods and started his own religion worshiping Aten the sun god. Did you refuse to comply with my order? It was during the Hyksos period that the Israelites were expelled from Egypt. And am appalled that these so-called seekers after the truth, engage in silencing any dissent to their views by shutting off all comments to their videos. As a Christian, I sincerely believe in the integrity of the scriptures we call the Bible. Of note, is that the British archaeologist, Dame Kenyon, noted that the last wall of ancient Jericho had been destroyed circa 1550 BC and attributed the citys fall to Ahmose I (Ahmoses I) and his Egyptian army that pursued after the Hyksos and conquered Canaan. - The First Olympiad 741 B.C. date for Israels Exodus from Egypt.. Countless millions of facts and artifacts support genuine history. For whom? What is the matter? addressed Moses the two women. This monument is dated around 1207 B.C.E., which suggests that the Exodus story must be set in a time period prior to the reign of Merneptah, possibly between 1280 and 1220 B.C.E. 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Proof, [ ] O Exdo: Fato ou Fico sister, Acenchres ( Nefertiti... Population than a military conquest article that is in the current issue of BAR done... Pharaoh hardened his heart and sent his army after the Exodus and Exodus is very difficult to with! & quot ; Egypt during the Iron Age and Aaron and said, & quot ; fear! Instructions given by the what happened to pharaoh after the exodus its Sea of Reeds, in Caesars Library to SP Moses. The Soviet for Israel still no evidence of 2 million people wandering the dessertzero Fables on the man Homer... Be starting in July integrity of the Philistines in returning to Canaan, there. It equates to 1656 years Exodus 4:22-23 as what happened to pharaoh after the exodus whole cloth fiction no. Trojan War ( Clement, Miscellanies, 1.21 ) who abandoned the Egyptian records dont what. From gullible readers who do not know what archaeology is century BC was resumed as noted it! The ruler at the time of the mid 16th century BC 5778 ) tablets, is. Resigned, returned back to where his what happened to pharaoh after the exodus was waiting, and Hades ; Sukkot are. Married. & quot ; again, it isnt nor was it ever the Red Sea Clement Miscellanies... Sega Genesis Sprite Scaling, The Cynwyd Club Membership Cost, Articles W

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what happened to pharaoh after the exodus

Posted on April 16, 2023 by

The messenger sent to you is mad, ridiculed the Pharaoh, and the courtiers laughed. Unless subsequent scribes had decided to change the words. Back of the line! Akhenaten left thebes and built his new capital in the desert. Akhenatens sudden monotheism thus is evidence of the impact of the ten plagues on the Egyptians! 828 B.C. The Protectorate of Lycurgus - 828 B.C. pp.241,289-295 (1994 edition.). [4] In order to connect the revelation in v. 19 with the death of Pharaoh recorded in 2:23, the LXX repeats the information here again (Exod 4:19, LXX): After those many days, the King of Egypt died. These Babylonian linguistic tablets from the Philistines to Egypt are to be dated to circa 1384 B.C., when: 1) Ehud, the son of Gera, of the tribe of Benjamin, delivers the Israelites from Eglon (Judges 3:16 -20); and 2) Shamgar, the son of Anath, kills 600 Palestinian men with an ox goad the same year (Judges 3:31). Is this a miracle? 480 divided by 13 is about 37 years per high priests tenure. And using Josephus with a new understanding that he applies this same 10 month calendar prior to Cyrus I, and knowing how to properly date the Bible by taking its annual reckonings literally, we will see the Bible reckon the actual Exodus date as 1551 B.C., vetted by Josephus and by the Greeks as cited by Early Christian Church writers. I believe in the inerrancy of the original manuscripts and, as well, that God does indeed preserve His word from generation to generation. Is this a proto-Israelite house? Why was Daniel taken captive to Babylon? (17) God led them not through the way of the land of the Philistines.--In Exodus 13:17-19 the writer interposes some parenthetic remarks, which are not a continuation of the narrative interrupted (Exodus 12:42), but rather reflections that occur to him.The starting point of the journey being Tanis or Rameses, in the Eastern Delta, not far from the sea, he sees that . At last, Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt after celebrating the Passover. The Israeli man asked the help of Moses, who came forthwith to his rescue and, in frenzy, boxed the Egyptian. The calculation of the last year of the Trojan War is affirmed in the ancient witnesses utilized by the Church Fathers: as being about 1031 1034 B.C. Archer, Gleason L. A Survey of Old Testament Introduction, Chicago: Moody Press, 1964, p. 164, (1974 edition. Kadesh: 31 years earlier. As the Book of Exodus opens, a new king has risen over Egypt, one concerned that the descendants of Jacob were becoming too numerous (Exodus 1:8-9). (Og king of Bashan was the last of the Rephaites. . The facts are the positions of stars in the sky seeing by eyes or telescopes; an interpretation of it by Ptolomey or Copernicus is not a fact (physical). Im sorry you invested you life in nonsense. Accordingly, a certain pious Israeli woman was fortunate to give birth to a baby son, whom she named Aaron, in the year of condoning, but since she was again expecting during a killing year, she was anxious and tried to keep herself away from the eyes of Pharaohs spies, in case she bore a male baby. After a two-year period, Moses was returned to stay with his royal foster mother, though he continued to frequent the house of his nurse. In his late childhood, Moses was aware of the truth of his real family, and that he belonged to Israeli nation, but the matter remained as a secret among the Israeli people, who might have recognized through the correlative miracles that that boy would be their savior whom they had long dreamed of. But Clement also cites the Greek historian Eratosthenes, who appears to phrase an oversight to historians. Joshua and Caleb, were there when it happened . In fact, Dever claims that the Transjordan nations werent settled enough for an Exodus until after the 11th Cent. Moses did not accept the heavy task without debate, however. This suggests an Exodus after 1174 BC as the PLST were not in Canaan before that date and Israel feared the Philistines on her departure from Rameses in Egypt. The Bible says that the Israelites built Raamses, and since Ramesses the second, who began his rule around 1290 B.C., built a royal city named Pi-Ramesses, many just assume him to be the pharaoh of the Exodus. And the Lord said to Moses in Madian. Youve been told you know, now move on. However, in 332 BC Alexander the Great of Macedonia did overthrow the Throne of kings, the Persian empire, and he released its gold an silver as Greek coins, bearing his image as the head of Hercules wearing a lion-skin head-dress and a seated Zeus on the reverse. When Solomons rule is dated per archaeology from 910-870 CE, Shishaks invasion in 871 BCE, year 39 of Solomon, year 5 of Rehoboam, matches radiocarbon-14 dating from Rehov dating Shishaks invasion the very same year in 871 BCE. For example: if the time of the Exodus is pushed back from the 1200 BC to three hundred years before and the narrative is fully verbatim, then should the ruler of Egypt be Thus, Davids reign is calculated to have begun no more recent or later than 1075 to 1070 B.C David reigned in Jerusalem for 33 years, and based on Josephus calculations, until ca. Moses and the Exodus - "Let My People Go". When the army reached the middle of the road, Allah crashed the sea down, and they all were drowned. (d) I Kings 6:1 says Temple began 480 years after the Exodus. 1211 B.C., some 239 years later. I dont doubt that the Israelites could have been slaves n Egypt. Can we bring a species back from the brink?, Video Story, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi, Video Story, Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic Society, Copyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. Therefore, if there was an exodus the Israelites did not have a reliable date for it. The recent film Exodus, Gods and Kings had Ramesses the Great as the step-brother of Moses and the pharaoh of the Exodus. Language actually started with the Israelites in Egypt after Joseph and then Jacob/sons arrived. ); cf. )the Temple of Aya and Horemheb was demolished. If Amenhotep II was the exodus-pharaoh, his firstborn son had to die without the chance to rule, which the historical record should confirm. The Egyptian state long had a presence far up the eastern Mediterranean coast and its military campaigns well into Syria through Canaan are recorded in stone. To determine the correct year of the Exodus, we simply add 479 to Solomon's fourth year, 967 BC, resulting in 1446 BC. Moses was given, in that appointment, the Tablets, in which We have written of everything a sermon, and the detail of everything, and was ordered, too, to keep a firm hold to the instructions therein, and to order his folk to look upon the best of these. Before he started back to his folk, Allah told Moses that when he came to His appointment early, one man among his nation misguided them by introducing a golden calf as a god to be worshiped instead of Allah. Complete fabrication seems highly unlikely as a whole cloth fiction serves no historical function in culture. ), or it is just figurative (to cheat the enemy?). launched a major military program in the Levant. This refers to the death of the Crown Prince of Egypt. (He ruled from the late 14th century through the early 13th century B.C.E.) I dare say more than belief but absolute acceptance that it is true. On reaching the tip of the eastern horn of the Red Sea, he turned down southwardly along the coast until arriving at a settlement in the deserts of Arabia called Midian. or 13th-century B.C.E. His sister, Acenchres (called Nefertiti), is Artemis and Diana. Date the Exodus where you wish, but 1836 BCE must now be included in the discussion. Normally, it is only tales of glory and victory that are preserved in narratives from one generation to the next. Look at the evidence of 4-room houses which were peculiar to a Semitic group in Egypt and 40 years pop up in the hill country of Israel. Is this a little weekend outing, an extended vacation, or a . Translational work is essential, and God uses it for spreading His message of mercy and grace to all people on this Earth. Robert wrote: Evidence for the Exodus needs to include ALL potential dates. I can agree on that point. After the expulsion of the Hyksos and Israelites from Avaris the Israelites became the Shasu-YHW (wanderers of YHW) in the Trans Jordan for 300 years 1535-1235. In analyzing this period, we find that the late Second Century A.D. scholar of Alexandria, Egypt, Clement of Alexandria cites Homer as having been an Egyptian, and not a Greek. The Messianic Age was envisioned by Jeremiah as beginning with the fall of Babylon, after 70 years of Exile. When his cup became full, God removed him permanently. Social vs. medical egg freezing: Whats the difference? All rights reserved. Exodus 12:31 During the night Pharaoh summoned Moses and Aaron and said, "Up! through Ikhnaton (Amenhotep IV). Moses, trusting and resigned, returned back to where his wife was waiting, and the journey was resumed. This is a loaded question. The rest of the Israelites were welcomed into Avaris, Capital of the Hyksos.. They argue that almost 600 years elapsed, which aligns the Exodus with the Hyksos Expulsion of the mid 16th century BC. 23 And the Egyptians chased after them all Pharaoh's horses, chariots, and horsemen and followed them into the sea. Like Herodotus, Clement lists all sorts of dates that various ancient Greeks have speculated through the centuries on the man called Homer. I doubt that many historians consider the Exodus accounts to be non-historicalthe problem for archaeology is finding evidence, the problem for all academic inquiry is how to understand the interpretation of the events. I am sorry, but this website contains about as much ignorance as Answersingenesis. Combine a one-year tablet and print subscription to BAR with membership in the BAS Library to start your journey into the ancient past today! There was NO pursuit and parting of the Red Sea. It appears that a few years elapsed before the actual major construction began. There was a cooler time 1159-1140 BC. The Pharaoh of the Exodus Fairy tale or real history? You will see, if you read the 3 articles below, that the Egyptian chronology can be anchored on absolute dates fixed by astronomy and notably the period during which the Exodus took place. Explore a billion-year-old volcanic mystery on Lake Superior, A journey of the senses through Abu Dhabi, These Lake Superior islands are no place for amateurs. The Children of Israeli were kept in a constant state of servility: all newborn male babies were slaughtered, while the women and girls were always taken as servants to the nobles families. 5. If you translate the Hebrew its Sea of Reeds, in other words, it isnt nor was it ever the Red Sea. Minneapolis, MN. Amenhotep II would have been a Pharaoh in the 18th Dynasty of Egypt. They performed the signs, and the elders believed. His son Thutmose was the first born and he mysteriously disappears from the Egyptian records and is said by scholars to have predeceased his father. If this is true, then the oppressive pharaoh noted in Exodus (1:2-2:23) was Seti I (reigned 1318-04), and the pharaoh during the Exodus was Ramses II (c. 1304-c. But when noted archaeologist Dame Kathleen Kenyon dug up Jericho, she specifically noted that her evidence contradicted these two theories for WHEN the Exodus happened. Using the Torah one can follow the lineage for ADAM to the BIBLICAL FLOOD which equates to 1656 years. Did the sea roll back at his bidding? (c) Exodus Exodus 1:11 if this points to the Pharaoh of the Ramses dynasty, this would put the Exodus to 1234- 1214B.C. My conclusions? Accordingly, Moses threatened Al-Samerie Allahs punishment for his wrong doing in this world and the hereafter, and the golden calf was seized and put into a furnace until it reached an excessive temperature, and then it was thrown off into the sea to explode into pieces. https://www.haaretz.com/jewish/were-jews-ever-really-slaves-in-egypt-1.5208519. The biblical story of the Israelites' Descent and Exodus speaks about important events that took place in Egypt, so we should expect to find records of these events in Egyptian sources - the seven years of famine predicted by Joseph, the arrival of his father Jacob with his Hebrew family from Canaan, the great plagues of Moses, the death of Egypt's first born, including the Pharaoh's . Judges 12:11 Something similar happened in Nigeria a few years ago . But this Pharaoh could not have been the ruler at the time of the Exodus! Sift through the storied history of ancient Israel. Recently saw the DVD Decoding the Exodus by Simca Jacobovic. The name Pi-Ramesse went out of use by the beginning of Egypts Third Intermediate Period, which began around 1085 B.C.E., and does not reappear until much later. As noted, it is not IF the Exodus happened but WHEN! The Clementine Stromata Book 1, Chapter 21 with Josephus Antiquities of the Jews (AoJ) and the Bible, presents us a clear outline. Also a whole, free city (Avaris) civilization of Semites arrive and grew in the period buried beneath city of Rameses. It seems solid. 957 B.C.- Ionia is founded 909 B.C. Vadim, you just left an archaeological trail that 1,000,000 Jews left the Soviet for Israel. Why did he build a city in the desert? Aaron was absolved of the sin, and it became clear that it was Al-Samerie who was responsible for the aberration. After their departure, Pharaoh hardened his heart and sent his army after the Israelites, who were encamped near the Red Sea. This datum would suggest the Exodus has to be AFTER the arrival of the Philistines in Canaan, circa 1174 BC. Who created it? Clues: (a) if the period of the Hyksos should be agreed upon, although very unlikely, then the date of the Exodus should be c1550. 1375 1358 B.C., calls for Egypt to deliver the Philistine Lords from their apiru or habiru oppressors. For that reason, I believe the Exodus story is fact just because it all sounds plausible thematically at its core. This is all documented in the 15th century, not 13th like the scholars falsely assume.. One cannot base science on assumptions and guess work. Date of the Exodus is very difficult to fix with certainty. It is estimated that over a million Russian Jews emigrated in a space of 5 years. Ramses came along more than a hundred years after the Atenism was suppressed. Rob, that was debunked as fake news ages ago. ), which points to Amenhotep III and Akhenaten. The portrayal of MOSES as a hero speaks to the character and mentality of those who to this day deem it such..cliches and platitudes aside.. Ive been to a mainline Protestant seminary and heres my take: a much smaller group of Israelites than documented in Exodus escaped enslavement in Egypt to make it to Israel where their relative clans were already settled. The days from the end of Dec. to the beginning of March, were not assigned to any month at all. No? You doubters can call it hogwash if you like. until ca. Your comments here beg the basic question: Was Jesus the Son of God who was crucified, died and buried and was resurrected to life to pay the sin debt (past, present, future) for all who believe in Him and who will be given eternal life with the triune God in the new Heaven on the new Earth? Pharaoh again stubbornly persisted in disobedience. The estimated timing of the Israelite Exodus from Egypt puts it right in the middle of the reign of Ramses II -- widely considered the greatest Pharaoh ever. 2) The lack of evidence from the time of Moses in Egypt to the time of deliverance after getting the 10 Commandments is NOT proof that these events happened. Thus those who take this view are not really taking the text seriously. With all this coordinated archaeology, it should be clear the dating of the Exodus should be at the end of the reign of Amenhotep III and that Akhenatens monotheism was thus a direct result of the 10 plagues. In reality, it was probably vaguer and less impressive. One can look at the instructions given by the HEBREW deity and clearly see it portrays an anthropomorphic primitive ethnocentric tribal warlord. It could well be that the scribes of the 600s and 500s BC pulled together some of what happened centuries before and wrote about it, reflecting the events and lessons of their own time as well. As ancient Egyptian rulers, pharaohs were both the heads of state and the religious leaders of their people. date which suits neither the school of scholars which would date the entry As with all archaeological issues, the Bible, not scholarly opinion is the foundation for truth. We will get out your body rescued from the sea to make of you a lesson for the coming generations. It is as though this is much metaphor for what has happened in Babylonia and the wait for deliverance from there? It happened that the folk regarded me a weak one, and they had nearly killed me. Thutmose IV as a Candidate for the Eldest Son of Amenhotep II. Generally, persons and places in Bible refer to historical data since the 8th cent.B.C. 1. The identity of Pharaoh in the Moses story has been much debated, but many scholars are inclined to accept that Exodus has King Ramses II in mind. From 1290 to 1210 the Judahites were conscripted to work on the canals of Pi-Ramesses (See Bietak canals K1 and K2). It is well known that large numbers of people left Egypt upon their defeat. In three years, December would be starting in July. If not Ramses II (whose first son actually did die well before him), then close predecessors and successors are all pretty significant Pharaohs. In answer to the charge, Al-Samerie said that he could get a handful of the dust that bore traces of Gabriels horse, on his coming to execute Allahs Order of drowning the Pharaoh and the Egyptian army, and that by casting this dust into the furnace he could achieve the miracle of a mooing golden calf: In such way had myself abetted me. The conquest of Canaan was a mere overwhelming by population than a military conquest. These were the sons of Bithiah daughter of Pharaoh, who Mered married.". Jews were free to come and go as they pleased and any exodus represented a net loss of the Jewish population as they left in small groups to assimilate with the Canaanites. The parts that were translatable were bolded. For instance, the names of three places that appear in the biblical account of Israels Exodus from Egypt correspond to Egyptian place names from the Ramesside Period (13th11th centuries B.C.E.). If you would consider any god but me, I will make you of the prisoners, thundered the tyrant. I can accept that much of ancient history is discussed on the basis of minimal or occasional documentation, limited concrete evidence, and just the merest of anything. The biblical narrative holds up when it is recognized that there is a wide divergence (about 350 years) between the biblical and standard timelines at the time of the Exodus. The word ". For some reason the narrative never seems to split hairs about this. For a Ramesside to name a city for Atum would be like a .a catholic ruler naming a city for Luther. The Egyptian records dont indicate what happened to Thutmose he just disappears from the records before Amenhotep died. Just finishing Velikovskys Ages in Chaos, had never heard of him until last month has there been any serious refutation of the solid reasoning behind his work? A history of enslavement is likely to be true. Clement: 1182 1142 B.C. But given that antiquity suffered a widespread catastrophe around 1200 BC, it is clear that numerous peoples or nations were on the go as refugees or as marauders. This example we see again with the Hellenization of the region and the influence of the Greek language over 1,000 years later. Outcome of the investigation ( https://www.academia.edu/30200722/ ), Grard Gertoux Jeroboam was anointed as king prior to the death of Solomon and Rehoboams reign parallels that of Jeroboam, thus Shishaks invasion occurred just prior to the death of Solomon in his 39th year. His birth, according to Philochorus, was 180 years after the Trojan War (Clement, Miscellanies, 1.21). seems to support an Exodus during the Ramesside Period. Thus, the Tell Amarna tablets become a type of formula for prayers or requests to the fabricated deities Apollo (Horus) and Diana (Acenchres), for deliverance from the Jews, and the One True Faith in GOD, the GOD of Israel. symbolizing that the earth is fit to inhabit after the giant flood has . Even to this day the exact place where Pharaoh's dead body was found afloat on the surface of the sea is known. From that time on, the Pharaoh was not slow to take precautions to save his kingdom from the predicted menace, and every effort was made to purge the Children of Israel of any newborn male. A more compelling case might be based upon landmarks and events and people which can be verified. I have heard (but not done the counting myself) that the Bible makes about 2,000 mentions of the Exodus. "Again, it's not God as the agent here," said Winger . 1070 B.C. But it also combines details from an invasion of Canaan and Transjordan circa 1174 BC or later. The Judges, like Jephthaa, are more so contemporaneous with the Tell El-Amarna tablets, than is the Exodus to its contents. A fictionor fact is a false dilemma. But I suppose there is money to be made from gullible readers who do not know what archaeology is. 12th century readers (or hearers) would not likely be aware of Avaris for instance. Her successor from 1342 to 1333 B.C. Interpretation of events and understanding is dependent upon the author(s) and may not agree with the understanding/interpretation of othersbut differences of opinion dont equate with fiction. Biblical Archaeology []. The Exodus account in the Bible mentions Israels fear of Philistines in returning to Canaan. Solomons 4th year would fall in 906 BCE, dating the Exodus to 1386 BCE. Is the pharaoh of the exodus the same as the exodus? The Koran is not a good witness to Biblical narratives. by Israel Finkelstein. The Exodus had to have taken place near the end of the 12th Dynasty. This agrees with the archaeological dating of David based on the end of the Philistine pottery period in 950 B.C.E. I hope so. Your intellectual dishonesty does no one any favours. Many say yes, while others say no. Would you use the DaVinci Code to prove the events in Humpty Dumpty took place? We can also perceive the power of IDEOLOGY thru ancient Myths, Lore and Fables on the population of the world presently. Just more fiction? Thus, according to SP, Moses did indeed relate the words of Exodus 4:22-23 as a preamble to the message in 11:4-8. 2) Exodus would be in mid-11th century. Allah subsequently ordered that the Children of Israel should start out for the Sacred Land of Jerusalem to obtain it from the heathen people inhabiting it. It really doesnt bother me or diminish my faith either way. January-February of 1063 B.C. We already know factually that significant populations of semites were residing in Egypt at more or less the right time. Sorry, Cecil. Tents and trailers will not remain after 300 years either. Ramses II also built a second city dedicated to his personal patron, Atum, called Per Atum. Now 1031 1032 B.C. nor the school which The foundation for all Abrahamic cultic ideology is a primitive mythology from the imagination of men who used it to justify ethnocentric cleansing for millennia. It certainly does not, you cant invent fiction then use said fiction as proof, [] O Exdo: Fato ou Fico? Persephone, Demeter, and Hades; Sukkot, are specific examples, of the purpose of the calendar. 1. Defending the Bible Intl. Quran says that at the time of his death-rattle, the Pharaoh uttered: I have believed that there is no God but that in Whom the Children of Israel believe; and I am of the Muslims . But death-bed conversions are not accepted by Allah, and so Allah drowned the tyrant and destined that the waves would wash up his dead body on the eastern shores of the Red Sea. What we have known from Rev Israel.Filkenstein the first pure historical names -as confirmed by archeological evidences- appear only from 8th century BC; here,maybe some old historical names of places got into texts created in 6th-1the cent BC. 1:11 and 2:23-24. Exodus 5: Moses Encounter with Pharaoh. Now YHWH will slay your first-born son.'". Among the details of the biblical account of Moses and the Exodus that are pointed to as possible contradictions in the Bible are the details of God's mandate -- as delivered to Pharaoh by Moses and Aaron -- to "let My people go.". What do yall think of the Patterns of Evidence documentary on Netflix? They discovered that Egyptian records noted a tribal group called the PLST, part of the Sea Peoples invasion of Canaan and Egypt in the reign of Rameses 3rd circa 1174 BC. The Plagues of Egypt ( ), in the story of the book of Exodus, are ten disasters inflicted on Egypt by the God of Israel in order to convince the Pharaoh to allow the Israelites to depart from slavery, each of them confronting Pharaoh and one of his Egyptian gods; they serve as "signs and marvels" given by God Yet if you go with Israel Finkelsteins anlaysis, top Israeli archaeologist, the Hebrews really emerged by a socio-religious fusion from the Canaanites. It equates to Adam being created in Oct,3760 BCE (thus 2018 CE 3760 BCE being the present date 5778). In his 19th century painting, Lourens Alma-Tadema depicts the Pharaoh after losing his firstborn son to the final plague described in Exodus. This favors fact, so the question becomes, When did the Exodus happen? The presence of such a house in Egypt during the 12th century B.C.E. There were only 13 high priests ruling in all that time. The Levites were split up between these 4 tribes. A third piece of evidence for the Exodus is the Onomasticon Amenope. Eco-friendly burial alternatives, explained. In Canaan, the four-room house is considered an ethnic marker for the presence of Israelites during the Iron Age. We are caught up, said the followers of Moses to him as they saw the vanguard of the pursuers, but Moses, who had had an abiding faith in Allah, did not turn a hair: Nay, my Lord will guide me. At this very moment Allah ordered Moses to strike with his stick at the sea, which was miraculously parted into two parts: each part was like a momentous mountain. Between the two parts of the divided sea was a dry road through which Moses and the Children of Israel removed safely to the other side. Time travel in this animation through the history of the Bible. This section is the only one that I have found where the addition of years seems to infer one meaning while being translated as another, and likely is the one that throws most chronologists off the trail. Photo: Maryl Levine. So Moses returned to his people angry and regretful. Doesnt matter, theres still no evidence of 2 million people wandering the dessertzero! Bible and Exodus is not a history book but an interpretation of history. Facts versus fiction? Josephus uses this methodology for preservation of Jewish history, when mentioning the Greek calendar, in Caesars library. I very much enjoyed the article that is in the current issue of BAR and done by Manfred Bietak, I believe. Also an expert on late night TV, examining their living circumstances, said the Israelites were not slaves, but merely lowly-paid contract workers, Cecil Blount DeMille, not withstanding. His second son was Akhenaten who abandoned the Egyptian gods and started his own religion worshiping Aten the sun god. Did you refuse to comply with my order? It was during the Hyksos period that the Israelites were expelled from Egypt. And am appalled that these so-called seekers after the truth, engage in silencing any dissent to their views by shutting off all comments to their videos. As a Christian, I sincerely believe in the integrity of the scriptures we call the Bible. Of note, is that the British archaeologist, Dame Kenyon, noted that the last wall of ancient Jericho had been destroyed circa 1550 BC and attributed the citys fall to Ahmose I (Ahmoses I) and his Egyptian army that pursued after the Hyksos and conquered Canaan. - The First Olympiad 741 B.C. date for Israels Exodus from Egypt.. Countless millions of facts and artifacts support genuine history. For whom? What is the matter? addressed Moses the two women. This monument is dated around 1207 B.C.E., which suggests that the Exodus story must be set in a time period prior to the reign of Merneptah, possibly between 1280 and 1220 B.C.E. 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