Wood's victory briefly made her lawsuit national news. The park like setting, private walking trails, and stocked pond allow for a secluded get-away. By 1878, white Northerners were retreating from Reconstruction. They and their heirs farmed it successfully until 1720 when it was sold to Nathaniel Harrison. The Robertson County Tax Rolls for 1866 show him with 25 horses and no real estate. See menn1964 for more information about this holding., J. H. Coltons map of the state of Louisiana and eastern part of Texas, commented on the unequal application of criminal justice, Walter Williams who died in 1959 at age 117, Philip A. Brandon (b. The trial began only after eight years of litigation, leaving Wood to wonder if she would ever get justice. Chew constructed the first permanent dwelling consisting of a three-room brick house about twenty by sixty feet, built sometime between 1809 and 1820. It reaches across all of the slave South, Levengood said. : Estate of Sara Brandon Rickey, 2000), 79, available at Historic Natchez Foundation., In 1872, Brandon was still in a legal dispute over an assumption of debt on a plantation he purchased in Tensas Parish (LA) from Hughes, who moved to Texas in 1862 or 1863. Conversation with Dr.Killibrou (?) The gang located Wood's employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. Cookie Policy Nearly every one of the negros were satisfied as they were bought by people in the country mostly, going ahead of the prices given by the traders, Cabell wrote his wife. Misses a dinner invitation from Graves. At some point during those hellish days, Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown. The Brandons were harvesters of cotton, sugarcane, and indigo and owned 700 slaves. Many of the slaves had been forgotten to the world until the Virginia Historical Society received a $100,000 grant to pore over some of its 8 million unpublished manuscripts letters, diaries, ledgers, books and farm documents from Virginians dating to the 1600s and began discovering the long-lost identities of the slaves, said society president and CEO Paul Levengood. My children must thank me for the attempt to save [?] All they needed was someone to do the dirty work of enslaving her again. But Wood and her lawyers had argued that the case was about much more than damages from abduction. The Foundation also has a photocopy of the original, which includes some pages not in the transcription and also reveals a number of errors in the typescript. The Whites lived in Covington, too, and in the spring of 1853 they persuaded Ward to pay them $300 for the right to sell Wood and pocket the proceeds himself provided he could get her. Brandon kept her enslaved on a cotton plantation until well after the war. And when the carriage finally rolled to a stop outside of Covington, Wards men were waiting. Vital statistics in the below list draw on the Brandon Children website and a public family tree on Ancestry. Brandon Plantation was situated in the area where the regularized production of bright leaf tobacco was developed in the 1820s, an industry requiring slave labor. Brandon Hall would make a wonderful family estate. Henrietta Woods story began two centuries ago with her birth in northern Kentucky. p.4: Some more deaths; notes about wagon loads, presumably of cotton bales; ferriage and tolls on the route to Texas, pp. This page also contains the line: Henrietta conducts herself well, as did some other enslaved people mentioned by name.9 But Brandon says I am really tired, sick of them and being with them, a perfect dogs life, & will disgust anyone with the . On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas,. When she died in 1912, her suit was already forgotten by all except her son. The tract was known as Martin's Brandon. Wood secretly told her story to a sympathetic innkeeper who followed her to Lexington, where a lawsuit was filed on her behalf asserting that she was free. 5-11: a debit and credit ledger for the trip; debits begin on 5 (numbered by Brandon as 7) and then are carried over on 8 through 11, with a final total (summed by me from Brandons subtotals) of $19,145.60 in expenses by February 2; credits begin page 6 (numbered by Brandon as 8) and then continue on 13 to 14, where a final total made by Brandon on February 2 shows $10,168.25 in credits, Begin August 1863 entry. This inventory lists the names, ages and capabilities of Arnold's newly . They also said that Ward's alleged crimes had occurred too far in the past a recurring argument against reparations. It is currently used as a successful wedding venue and bed & breakfast. Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. Descendants of slave owners, slaves and freed slaves listen to a history of the plantation. Begins September 15 entry. Stayed at a house in which the Ladies (3) of the house washed their feet (in our presence) in the common wash pan. An equally important feature at Brandon Plantation is the rare, carefully restored ca. "I sowed the cotton, hoed the cotton, and picked the cotton. . Robert Payne, who attended Saturdays workshop, said hes been researching his family for the past 15 years, but finding information about his ancestors wasnt easy. I am aware of the hands that built it, and the literal blood, sweat, and tears that entailed. So I find my negroes out of doors, & stock poor, corn high & some difficulty to get it, & separated from my family." PIN IT Sharing is caring! Perfect for an unforgettable. This description comes from Mortuary Customs and Beliefs of South Carolina Negroes, published in 1894 by May A. Waring in the Atlanta Constitution: In the 1890s another formerly enslaved woman, Callie House, led a national organization pressuring the government for ex-slave pensions. The Liberator: A Weekly Newspaper Devoted to the Cause of Good Government and the Advancement of the American Negro, Los Angeles, California, 29 November 1912, page 5. 1850 - According to the District Census, Boone Hall was producing 4,000,000 bricks per year using 85 slaves . One Sunday afternoon in April 1853, Boyd tricked Wood into taking a carriage ride across the river. The unfolding of our country's history with slavery, at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue and its surrounding streets, is critical for all Americans to understand. This list is by no means complete. I suffer much mentally.. This is terrific. Even Juneteenth, the day in June 1865 when Union soldiers arrived in Texas to enforce emancipation, did not liberate Wood. Snowfall, the deepest I ever saw in the South. Begins December 31 entry, bitter cold, water freezes on the shelf inside his cabin. The Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names website is the first online resource listing slaves names across all of slaveholding Virginia, the nations oldest state which had the largest enslaved population, numbering a half million people, at the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, society officials said. I wanted to be able to see and connect the dots.. Hover over the town names to trace her tortuous path from slavery to freedomand back. In the same tax rolls is a J. When the Horlbeck family bought the plantation in 1817, they opened up a brickyard and began producing bricks using the clay from the nearby Wampacheone Creek. Left for home 4th Feby 1864. On Sunday attended church in forenoon, saw a fistfight in eve, & a company pass having in charge nine deserters. Your Privacy Rights Absence of farm animals on the list indicates strongly oriented cotton plantation. Old Mr. S. Turner bought Jane and children. My mistress gave me my freedom, Wood later said, and my papers were recorded. Wood spent the next several years performing domestic work around Cincinnati. All rights reserved. Celebrates Christmas with Graves and Dr. ), so Poole (overseer) left, presumably with slaves. After her suit, she moved with her son to Chicago. Inside, behind the handsomely recessed main entrance, were parlor rugs from the Orient, services of English silver, mantels of the finest Italian marble and great pier mirrors from France., Since the 1860 slave schedule was not searchable at the time, the page numbers are provided for the Mississippi and Louisiana slave schedules., The affidavit says that on the 1st of July, 1863, the pending war, and the exigencies of the times compelled his hasty departure from this state for the state of Texas, where he was detained until February 1864. W. Caleb McDaniel Brandon Hall Plantation, built ca 1856 by Gerard Brandon, U.S. 61, Washington. whole race. Nonetheless, I have always been conflicted about plantation-style homes. not the care, pains & comfort in fixing up places. He couldnt find corn. Newspapers described Wood's suit as an "old case" or a "relic of slavery times," consigning stories like hers to a fading past. When he died in 1951, after a long career as a lawyer, he left behind a large clan of descendants who were able to launch professional careers of their own, even as redlining and other racially discriminatory practices put a chokehold on the South Side neighborhoods where they lived. Descendants identify the man in this photograph, found on Ancestry.com, as Brandon. must be sold out of this section, or hung, or I must move, as my negroes might be the cause of all the negroes being dissatisfied and many a man might loose his property by my coming here. "Not so many complications of a legal nature arise out of the old relations of master and slave as might have been expected," the New-York Tribune argued with barely concealed relief. ) If some of the enslaved people owned by James Brandon were also taken to Texas by Gerard, it is possible that this is the woman referred to in the journal, who would have been a teenager at the time. Set in 19th century Louisiana, Smith portrays a runaway slave who embarks on a treacherous journey to Baton Rouge while thwarting off violent plantation owners. Some newspapers even predicted that lawsuits like hers would proliferate. Historic house in Mississippi, United States, U.S. National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places listings in Adams County, Mississippi, The Clarion-Ledger: Historic house donated to Natchez foundation, Official website for Brandon Hall Plantation, History of the National Register of Historic Places, List of U.S. National Historic Landmarks by state, List of jails and prisons on the National Register of Historic Places, University and college buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places, National Register of Historic Places portal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brandon_Hall_(Washington,_Mississippi)&oldid=1090743436, Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Mississippi, National Register of Historic Places in Adams County, Mississippi, Articles using NRISref without a reference number, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 31 May 2022, at 03:54. Slave traders met the demand by buying slaves in Virginia, Kentucky, and Maryland and selling them in the cotton states. This heritage is currently documented on the plantation's grounds, in exhibits at nine of the original property's slave cabins. Most slaves were by their owners design and eventually by law forbidden to learn how to read and write, so they didnt leave us material that so many figures in the past did, Levengood said. His brother was Dr.James C. Brandon (1820-1884), with whom he was particularly close; both brothers named sons after the other. All the while, however, there were people conspiring to take her freedom away. I whippped him a little. Anthony has the money. Charles S. Darden The value of his real estate was $18,000. A Brief History of the Salem Witch Trials. (In fact, free black Northerners had been kidnapped for years before the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850.) Wood was never allowed to testify, however, and Ward denied her claims. Brandon was the eldest son of the Mississippi Governor Gerard Chittocque Brandon (1788-1850) and Margaret Chambers. As one put it, Woods award was not a liberal equivalent for the loss of liberty she had suffered, but it would be applicable to a great many cases yet untried.. Read more Suggest edits to improve what we show. Updated Copyright 2023, Wipple preach. He was sent a bottle of wine, jelly cake, & pies. All accommodations at this luxury home have private in-room (not shared) bathrooms. His wife Charlotte (39) and children Elmina (16), James (14), Charlotte (12), Sarah (9), Agnes (9), Mary (5), and Alice (4) are listed a fellow members of the household. Your effort and contribution in providing this feedback is much The freedom suit had prevented Ward from selling Wood for nearly two years, but in 1855, he took her to a Kentucky slave-trading firm that did business in Natchez, Mississippi. A native Kentuckian who had recently moved to Covington, just across the Ohio River from Cincinnati, Ward became a deputy sheriff in 1853. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. Then, in 1848, Jane Cirode went to a county courthouse and registered Wood as free. By the 1850s, the interstate slave trade was booming, and the Whites saw dollar signs whenever they thought of Wood. Fortunately for this country the institution of slavery has passed away, he had instructed the jurors, and we should not bring our particular ideas of the legality or morality of an institution of that character into Court or the jury-box. He had cautioned the jurors against an excessive award, claimingfalselythat many former slaveholders already regretted slavery. She spent the first nights of her captivity locked inside two roadside inns. Often they appeared in the records of the owners who owned slaves as human property, which to us sounds so obscene and alien, said Levengood, whos also a historian. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new. Brandon Hall C1856. Cirode returned to France in 1844, abandoning his wife, Jane, who eventually took Wood with her to Ohio, a free state. One is hiring negroes to go 300 miles west for the government. Brandon sends 40. Wood was an early contributor to a long tradition of formerly enslaved people and their descendants demanding redress. In 1969, civil rights leader James Forman issued a manifesto calling on churches and synagogues to pay half a billion dollars in reparations to black Americans. A letter Cornelia Jane Shields to James Brandons wife states that Mr. 1856 Brandon Hall In Natchez Mississippi $3,850,000 SOLD 73 Natchez Trace Pkwy, Natchez, Mississippi, 39120 7 beds 8 baths 10,768 sqft 45 acres Plantation Property Website Realtor Information: Jackie Smith PAUL GREEN REALTORS 601-442-2768 About This 1856 Brandon Hall In Natchez Mississippi Brandon Hall C1856. His overseers are John Lyle (born in Kentucky) and William Hurley (born in Scotland, accompanied by his wife Rose). I cant quite tell my age, Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. The Robertson County Tax Rolls for 1865 show G. The database features a public message board, filled with notes posted by users searching for ancestors who may have been slaves. Has dinner with a woman who is hard on all who were not in the army, two soldiers from Vicksburg also critical of Mississippians. Captivating Houses, That story began two centuries ago with Wood's birth in northern Kentucky. Ward began to plot with a group of these notorious slave catchers. The gang located Woods employer in Cincinnati, a boardinghouse keeper named Rebecca Boyd, and paid her to join their scheme. about opposition to refugees, particularly if they had much property, and the slogan rich mans war & the poor mans fight. Another refugee who had fenced up a spring. Photograph: Jessica Crawford. Plantations in Mississippi In addition to the plantation name and owner, the date the county was formed is also shown. More on Mandys child. The free, public website also provides a high-resolution copy of the antique documents that identify the slave. By the 3rd he paid $53 for a ferry at Trinity, Louisiana (likely to cross the Black River), and then paid $38 to cross Little River on the 7th. Now I was in trouble. The story told by Bill deepens in complexity, and involves a plot by Ables son to run to Mexico, though most of his slaves deny that they were going to go along. This is a list of plantations and/or plantation houses in the U.S. state of Virginia that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, other historic registers, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design. But Woods name never made it into the history books. Brandon Hall Plantation. Gerard Brandon (1818-1874) was the Mississippi planter who purchased Henrietta Wood and then took her to Robertson County, Texas, during the Civil War. A Warner Bros. ADAMS Formed in 1799 from Natchez District Anchorage Plantation North - Griffith Auburn Plantation - Duncan Avalange Plantation - Harper It remains the largest known sum ever granted by a U.S. court in restitution for slavery. The house was built c. 1765 by . After 1815, as white settlers rushed into the lower Mississippi River Valley, many looked to purchase slaves to cultivate the region's most profitable crop. Slaves at the Boone Hall Plantation & Gardens. Their son Dunbar Merrill had a daughter named (Ruth Britton) Dunbar Merrill Flinn (1926-2006), whose attic contained many Brandon family papers before they were donated to the Historic Natchez Foundation.2. this property for them for I have seen sights of trouble more than I can ever describe or make them sensible of. Begins August 13 entry. She was suing him for $20,000 in reparations. This site contains affiliate links to products. Returns from Salado to reports of death, including Henrietta has just come to say Diceys little boy is dead. After moving to Ables, All at Home for the war. Description of the Able Family , and another Mississippi refugee named Williams.10 Difficulty getting a beef he had paid for. Brandon mentions his diary in a letter to his daughter Ella, dated October 21, 1863, and found in the Vonkersburg Family Collection at the Historic Natchez Foundation. 33 slave dwellings were also noted. I first learned of Wood from two interviews she gave to reporters in the 1870s. Gangs worked throughout the antebellum period to capture free black men, women, and children and smuggle them into the South, under the cover of the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, which required the return of runaway slaves. Call List Agent for a Fact Sheet. Lee Hall Plantation: Richard Decatur Lee : 371159N 763432W : 72001510 : Lexington Plantation: George Mason V : 383838N 771156W . Her official freedom papers, at a courthouse in Cincinnati, had been destroyed in an 1849 fire, and her kidnappers had confiscated her personal copy. A NCGenWeb Special Project Documented Slave Plantations of North Carolina is a comprehensive database of various plantations derived from a variety of information mediums. At Boone Hall Plantation Black history is not something that is defined by a certain time of year. My father gave $25. They led me to archives in nine states in search of her story, which I tell in full for the first time in my new book, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America. If you know of any others send the information to me. "I can't quite tell my age," Wood recalled in a newspaper interview in 1876, but she knew she was born enslaved to the Tousey family between 1818 and 1820. 163, Probate Court, Adams County, Miss.) At some point during those hellish days, Wood gave birth to Arthur, whose father is unknown. Whether she succeeded in that quest is unknownbut she did find a lawyer, Harvey Myers. Brandon was also required to pay his wife $127,436 with legal interest and costs of suit. Plantation records reveal nearly every aspect of plantation life. It would have bought 20,000 in Confederate money at that time. , had a good dinner & supper, spent a pleasant evening. Asthma & cramp colic. Begins November 13th & 14th" entry, discusses hunting for deer. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.. erath county rant and rave; springfield, mo jail inmates; essex county hospital center jobs; blanching vs non blanching erythema; star trek next generation cast salaries The traders put Wood up for sale at Natchez's infamous Forks of the Road slave market. The antique papers turned out to mention slaves. Warsaw Indiana Website Design by 1Eighty Digital, 1744 Colonial For Sale In Norwich Connecticut. This mansion on the outskirts of Natchez was once the centerpiece of a large cotton plantation located on the Natchez Trace. Today, it remains virtually unknown, even as reparations for slavery are once again in the headlines. 73 Natchez Trace Pkwy,Natchez, Mississippi, 39120, 7 beds 8 baths 10,768 sqft 45 acres, Jackie Smith PAUL GREEN REALTORS 601-442-2768. The database, which went online last September with 1,500 names, sets itself apart from the few other existing slave databases which limit themselves to specific plantations or to ship manifests that list the captives by their native African names, society officials said. Construction on the home began in 1853 and it was completed in 1856.3, Slave schedules for the 1860 Census confirm Brandons large slaveholdings. to Mr. Agee and then allowed Mr. Turner to take Mimy as he owned her husband. To purchase tickets, call . Finally, they announced a verdict that few expected: We, the Jury in the above entitled cause, do find for the plaintiff and assess her damages in the premises at Two thousand five hundred dollars.. Though a fraction of what Wood had asked for, the amount would be worth nearly $65,000 today. 2. All Rights Reserved. She finally returned to Cincinnati in 1869, a free woman. The mill is out of fix, & too bad to get up a beef and all hands are on short rations. Thoughts of home. Goes hunting for deer. But Wood and her lawyers had argued that the case was about much more than damages from abduction. It is believed that the name Brandon came from the family name of Martin's wife . Evangeline Wayne is seated near the center, in a cream-colored coat. 1847, d. 1885; married Joseph C. Pierce, Agnes Brandon (b. June 29, 1851, d. January 19, 1862; see, Sarah Brandon (b. June 29, 1851, d. December 13, 1862; see, Charles Gerard Brandon (b. In the first half of the 19th century, there were as many as 85 slaves working at the plantation. Able. He strikes new deal with Able to settle on his land: he could let me heave as much land as Col. R. had offered, with 300 acres in cultivation, 2 cabins, & corn in the ground at $1 per barrel, and let me have the use of a mill , would charge $5 an acre for the cleared land & let me pay for it by picking cotton at $1 per 100 pounds. Brandon agrees. An R. A. Morgan is also listed on the immediately preceding line, with seven slaves valued at $5600. Black men and women were first brought . All rights reserved. The plantation is located on 4,500 of the original 7,000 acres patented to Captain John Martin (1562-1632) in 1616. Cookie Settings, Illustration by Cliff Alejandro; Source material: W. Caleb McDaniel; NYPL (3), Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12, Sweet Taste of Liberty: A True Story of Slavery and Restitution in America, Dried Lake Reveals New Statue on Easter Island. Many newspapers described Woods suit as an old case or a relic of slavery times, consigning stories like hers to a fading past. H. Weir of Centerville, who hit me a dig.. He helped Wood file a lawsuit in Cincinnati against Ward, now a wealthy man living in Lexington. Going directly from Alexandria to Sabinetown suggests that he crossed the swampy region between those places directly, avoiding the roads. (this book has a wealth of info on slaves - since many of the people listed were freed in wills - details of emancipation are there as well as detailed physical descriptions) Then the crops of choice became cotton and indigo. The New York Times observed, "Files of newspapers of the five years following the passage of the Fugitive Slave Law are filled with stories of the kidnapping of free men in free States." His next ferry payment was to cross the Red River on July 11, likely on his way out of Alexandria. Brandon Hall was formally a large working cotton plantation located on the scenic Natchez Trace. 1842 wing of the residence. Living very poor. His travels for land continue. With help from his mother's court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family, and paid for his own schooling. Before the Civil War, large Southern rice and cotton plantations depended on enslaved African Americans to operate successfully. The corn we sold yesterday brought 3.15$ per barrel. See Goodspeeds Biographical and Historical Memoirs of Mississippi, vol. A historical society in Virginia, where slavery began in the American colonies in 1619, has discovered the identities of 3,200 slaves from unpublished private documents, providing new information for todays descendants in a first-of-its-kind online database, society officials say. A typed transcription made by Helen Rayne in 1999 (with parenthetical comments by Rayne throughout) was donated to the Dolph Briscoe Center by the Historic Natchez Foundation in 2001. Even the judge who presided over Wood's case, Phillip Swing, viewed it narrowly. When African slavery was largely abolished in the mid-1800s, the center of plantation agriculture moved from the Americas to the Indo-Pacific region where the indigenous people . He then traveled on to Texas via these stops, according to a list on an unnumbered page of his journal: If he followed marked roads out of Alexandria to the Sabine River, then he would have gone through Natchitoches, but that road would have taken him to Milam, Texas, not Sabinetown. Theyll be able to take it and grow from that.. Nothing on my great grandfather and great grandmother who lived in Manquin, VA. I worked under the meanest overseers, and got flogged and flogged, until I thought I should die.". Major Boone was a successful planter and slave owner, and his plantation . The Brandons had numerous slaves and most likely used them for tobacco growing, resulting the in the prosperity that enabled the construction of the ca. The case was eventually dismissed. Wood was among them. This article originally appeared in Smithsonian Magazine. Brandon Hall is a beautifully restored plantation home that dates back to 1856. The whole country bleeds and is in mourning. Sanford Poole & Sandy had gone to kill a deer. Middleton arrives, and he gets a package from home. W.?) Brandon Plantation, one of the nation's oldest working farms along the James River in Prince George County, was sold to a family in Florida for $17.8 million. The family plans to occupy the. With help from his mothers court-ordered compensation, Arthur bought a house, started a family and paid for his own schooling. ] stream. Ward planned to make Wood the latest victim of this trade, but she resolved to fight. Discusses leaving Poole with a power of attorney, and one with Bennett if Poole becomes indisposed. One half illegible. Thats the kind of things that owners did with slaves. Cirodes daughter and son-in-law, Josephine and Robert White, still lived in Kentucky and disagreed with Jane Cirodes manumission of Wood; they viewed her as their inheritance. Brandon was originally a vast land grant to John Martin, companion of Captain John Smith, on his first voyage to America. On July 1, 1863, just days before the U.S. Army arrived to free thousands of people around Natchez, Brandon, determined to defy emancipation, forced some 300 slaves to march 400 miles to Texas, far beyond the reach of federal soldiers. Ancestry places birth on December 5, 1864., See also this genealogy page and the Gerard Brandon children website., See Steven Brooke, The Majesty of Natchez (Gretna, La. On April 17, 1878, twelve white jurors entered a federal courtroom in Cincinnati, Ohio, to deliver the verdict in a now-forgotten lawsuit about American slavery. While the online website is intuitive on how to use, the workshops are being held for users who need more guidance, Levengood said.

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