The second would step up cloud-seeding programs to try to boost snowfall in the region. In coming years, it's going to get worse and worse and worse.. As of August 10, water levels were measured to be 3,534.51 feet above sea level. So the upper watershed, you have the headwater states. And it takes several years of good weather in order to bring the system out of drought. After more than 22 years of drought compounded by warmer temperatures with climate change, Lake Mead and Lake Powell have declined to their lowest levels since they were filled. Since Lake Powell is primarily sandstone, the lake actually leaks water into the porous rocks. The nations second-largest reservoir is strained by more than two decades of drought, and its water levels are slipping dangerously low. With the reservoirs approaching their lowest levels in modern history, that brings us to our final number: 2026. The lake avoided serious problems during the drought because, in 1999, it was almost full. And so when you have snow thats melting off, it gets soaked up into the ground before it flows into a river or flows into a reservoir. Lake Mead's water level on Wednesday was measured at 1,044.03 feet, its lowest elevation since the lake was filled in the 1930s. People should definitely not feel like the agencies managing the Colorado River have it under control, he said. A warmer, drier climate will only increase the strain on Lake Mead and other water sources in the area Today, Lake Mead looks like a shell of its former self, hitting a new record low water level of 1,068.08 feet above sea level, according to a report from the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. House Democrat nods to Kellyanne Conway in push to make Hatch Act violations a Hemorrhaging losses, the Feds problems are now the taxpayers, Lukashenko arrives in Beijing as concerns rise around China-Russia relations. The historic megadrought that is squeezing some Western states water supplies will also likely start showing up in energy bills, because those dams cant produce as much electricity. He covers the Colorado River basin. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. This cookie is used to detect and defend when a client attempt to replay a cookie.This cookie manages the interaction with online bots and takes the appropriate actions. He has mostly covered environmental stories since 2005, focusing on water supplies, climate change, the Rosemont Mine and the endangered jaguar. The dropping water levels are indicated by white marks on the canyon wall, often likened to a bathtub ring. And its easy to put them off if you get a wet year. Weve seen records set when it comes to dwindling soil moisture. We don't know if the dam will operate as expected. JOHN DANKOSKY: When you use the term megadrought, that sounds like a newer term. The Colorado River basin has experienced three D4 droughts in the last 20 years, including the current one. Water levels have been getting lower and lower, and for the first time ever, a shortage seems almost certain. The Upper Colorado Commissions computer models have shown that if the Upper Basin states take the precautionary measures theyre talking about, the risk of Powell falling to dangerously low levels is near zero even if the basin gets another 25 years of weather like it did from 1988 through 2012, said Don Ostler, executive director the Upper Colorado River Commission. "That means that due to climate change, it is more likely that we will see [more] extreme heat waves". Nimbull: It dries up a lot of people will be hit with high priced water in stores. In those cases, what's revealed is the dry and dusty lake-bedwhich can be a problem in its own right. Its not just like, you get a miracle year and youre out of it. It stores water as part of the Colorado River Compact and produceselectricity through the hydroelectric turbines in Glen Canyon dam. Its companion reservoir, Lake Mead, is at levels almost as low. LUKE RUNYON: Sure, so much of the attention in the basin goes towards the rivers largest reservoirs, which also happen to be the biggest reservoirs in the entire United States. The idea that these smaller upstream reservoirs can continue to compensate Powells losses, thats not the case, he said. The second largest reservoir in the U.S. by total capacity after Lake Mead, Lake Powell spans the Utah/Arizona border, and is an artificial lake created from damming the Colorado River. At its highest, in 1983, the lake was 3,708 feet above sea level. By January, the bureau projects water levels at Lake Mead to fall to 1,065.85 feet nine feet below the first shortage trigger elevation. Its also in the groundwater, something that you cant see. If the water levels drop to levels below the intake pipes, the water flow will cease to turn the hydroelectric turbines, and the dam won't generate any power. Powell is not drying out in a vacuum.. Google DoubleClick IDE cookies are used to store information about how the user uses the website to present them with relevant ads and according to the user profile. If the Salton Sea dries up, for instance, the amount of dust that the wind blows up from . That could cripple the ability of the Colorado Rivers four Upper Basin states to deliver river water to the Lower Basin states of Arizona, California and Nevada, as theyre legally obligated to do. Share on Facebook; . The Colorado River cuts through dry land that was once covered by Lake Powell on September 7, 2022, near Hite, Utah. Thats about the amount of water that our soils are behind in terms of what they normally would have, Meyer said. Falling water levels at Lake Mead and Lake Powell have been concerning for several years. The pattern element in the name contains the unique identity number of the account or website it relates to. "Its hard to overstate how important the Colorado River is to the entire American southwest.. As water levels fall in the reservoirs and river, the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation has implemented a tiered shortage system to reduce the allocated amount certain regions in the lower basin receive from the river to preserve water. But there is still this fundamental supply-demand imbalance in the Colorado River basin. And thats because some of these past agreements have put that state in the most vulnerable position for cutbacks. Complicating matters are the ongoing talks on allocation between the seven states on the Colorado River, the source of the lakes waters. Its depth level currently stands at around 3,530 feet. The lake isn't low enough yet to cause concerns about getting water out, but any hope of it refilling is years away, if ever, due to lowered rain and snow and increasing evaporation. The Lower Basin states have already agreed on two short-term programs to reduce their take of water from Mead. "Climate change makes these extreme weather events both more frequent and more severe, '' Matthew Casale, Environment Campaigns Director at non-profit advocacy group PIRG, previously told Newsweek. At that point, Upper Basin states would start delivering water from their other reservoirs to Powell. This story is part of ongoing coverage of water in the West, produced by KUNC in Colorado and supported by the Walton Family Foundation. Forecasts are calling for 4.1 million acre-feet of water to flow into Lake Powell from April to July this year, but water managers are obligated to release more than 7 million acre-feet out of the lake. Experts say it wont be a silver bullet, but could stave off near-term danger. But a new study warns that the lake could virtually dry up in as few as six years if the region gets a repeat of the dry spell it experienced from 2000 to 2005. ", States that use Colorado River Basin water mandated to cut use. It's been a vital force for the intermountain West because of its ability to. Stretching for 186 miles along the border of Utah and Arizona, Lake Powell serves as one of two major reservoirs that anchor the Colorado River. The nation's second-largest reservoir is under pressure from climate change and steady demand, and is now . Lake Mead's water level on Wednesday was measured at 1,044.03 feet, its lowest elevation since the lake was filled in the 1930s. Brad Udall, a water researcher at Colorado State University whos not involved with the contingency plan, is less optimistic. The water in Lake Powell is low because the amount of water in the Colorado River has been falling for decades. So when Lake Mead declines, certain policy triggers are put in place. She said the very fact that officials in Washington, D.C. are getting involved underscores the urgency of Lake Powells crisis. But Lake Powell's current water level is the lowest since it was first filled almost 60 years ago. At 3,370 feet, the reservoir hits. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". California broke from six other Western states in proposal to cut Colorado River use as water levels reach historic lows. Future conservation efforts are highly uncertain. An acre-foot is 325,851 gallons, or the amount of water that will flood an acre of land to a depth of one foot. There is also 29 federally-recognized tribes in the basin, of which 10 of those tribes hold a significant amount of water rights from the river. The new studys analysis is consistent with the studies and analyses CAP has been doing and is part of the reason its been focusing on trying to protect Lake Mead, Cullom said. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Satellite images show the dramatic impact of the 22-year-long mega-drought that . "It would kill 50 to 60% of the businesses in town," said Franz. Creosote is one I personally like to call it the cockroach of the vegetation world because pretty much nothing kills creosote. The cookie does not store any personally identifiable data. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. This is very unpredictable and these are going to be difficult conversations in the coming years., THE HILL 1625 K STREET, NW SUITE 900 WASHINGTON DC 20006 | 202-628-8500 TEL | 202-628-8503 FAX. 1. Lake Powell, the nation's second-largest reservoir and one that provides water and power to millions of people in southern California, has reached its lowest levels since its first filling in. Lake Powell is in crisis. Climatologist Jon Meyer with the Utah Climate Center said the number that captures the severity for him is 12 inches. All information these cookies collect is aggregated and therefore anonymous. AWSALB is an application load balancer cookie set by Amazon Web Services to map the session to the target. It took 16 years for it to fill. It does not store any personal data. Water management requires planning for the future. This story was reported by Luke Runyon on KUNC. Luke covers the Colorado River basin. Its also headed toward a record low later this year. Conditions have been deteriorating across the river basin since the summer of 2020. Thank you for helping us continue making science fun for everyone. which could funnel up to 300,000 acre-feet from Powell.One of those projects, Utah's Lake Powell pipeline to St. George, would . Set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin, this cookie is used to record the user consent for the cookies in the "Advertisement" category . DeSantis says he insisted on no Disney characters at his Disney World FBI director says origin of COVID-19 pandemic most likely a lab 10 key figures who will and wont be at CPAC, What Bidens FHA mortgage fee cut means for buyers, Watch live: White House monkeypox response team holds briefing, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. It doesn't strain the mind to imagine us losing power within a year. That leaves a sizable deficit and little time to turn things around. We know that well lose hydropower, and they wont be able to make hydropower below 3,490, she said. He and his wife have four cats, thousands of bees, and a yoga studio in the sleepy Northwest hills of Connecticut. At the same time,demand has risen due to increased population growth in the West. So the question is, how bad is it going to get? The wells that now supply Tucson are at 400 - 500 feet under the surface. He and his wife have four cats, thousands of bees, and a yoga studio in the sleepy Northwest hills of Connecticut. Depending on how you define "dry up." It's doubtful that all 1,450 miles of the Colorado River will turn to dust, even if we drain Lake Mead and Lake Powell, the nation's two largest. The challenges are really hard, Fleck said. Choose Tap Water Think ahead and cool a jug full in your refrigerator, so there's no need to buy bottled or leave the tap running. Arizona, which receives 36 percent of its water supply from the river, according to the Arizona Department of Water Resources, has been hit hardest by the cuts. This is the highest percentage of land in the rivers Upper Basin since 2002, which stands as the regions driest year on record. The Department of the Interior had asked the seven states of the Colorado River Compact to come up with a plan to cut between 2 and 4 million acre-feet of water by January. The river carried an average of 14.7 million acre feet from 1906 through 2015. The lake was just under 24 percent full as of last week, and had lost 16 feet in the last year. BACKGROUND: Western water crisis looms as California complicates critical water deal. John Dankosky works with the radio team to create our weekly show, and is helping to build our State of Science Reporting Network. . But the last time it was anywhere close to that level was 1999. If that does come to pass, Tyrell said he is fairly confident we can deal with worst case scenario if it ever happens.. What is the long-term future of Lake Powell? The Southwest United States is wrapping up an abnormally dry winter. KUNC is solely responsible for its editorial coverage. In the year 2000, the two reservoirs were 95% full. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Earlier this year, the Bureau of Reclamation released about 500,000 acre-feet from Flaming Gorge Reservoir in Utah and Wyoming to Lake Powell, increasing its elevation about 16 feet. They both use water from the Colorado River. It survives, she said. The Lower Basin states of Arizona and Nevada have begun to see their deliveries from the river curtailed. All rights reserved. Federal and state officials have committed to a more inclusive process that integrates the needs of tribes, environmental and recreation groups, and Mexico. Lake Mead's water levels were 1,047.38 feet as of February 23. Lake Powell has been called "Jewel of the Colorado" by the federal agency that built it, the Bureau of Reclamation. If water levels at Lake Powell drop just another 32 feet, those generators will stop spinning. As of Thursday, Lake Mead was at 1,045.79 feet. Keep reading with a digital access subscription. Officials say the lowest level at which Glen Canyon Dam can . JOHN DANKOSKY: So its not just the reservoirs, though, where you see these dramatic pictures of just how low the water is. Lake Mead and Lake Powell, for water. For the Upper Basin states, the reservoir storage has ensured theyll be able to meet their legal requirement under the 1922 Colorado River Compact to deliver 75 million acre feet to the Lower Basin every 10 years. Alex is KUNC's reporter covering the Colorado River Basin. The second-largest man-made reservoir in the country has dropped to unthinkable lows amid the West's climate change-driven megadrought. You cant do that with groundwater. And thats a word that youre hearing a lot more, is megadrought, not just this temporary state of drought. The shoreline it creates, in a red rock desert, is longer than the entire U.S. West Coast.. It is not creating certainty in the water market, Mankin said. A load balancing cookie set to ensure requests by a client are sent to the same origin server. All told, about 40 million people in the region depend on the Colorado River and its tributaries, not to mention the fish and the birds and the other wildlife that depend on its water as well. Every year, it stores water that flows downstream from the four Upper Basin states. "The federal government generally prefers to let the stakeholders work things through, Sorensen said. Meanwhile, climate change is adding pressure to the entire river system, exacerbating existing supply and demand imbalances. If Lake Powell recedes much further, one of the nation's largest reservoirs could be at risk of no longer generating hydropower for the region. And that sponge is very dry right now, and its sucking up all of that water before it can be used as water supply. The water level at Lake Mead is sitting at just 39%, while Lake Powell is at 36%. This drought will only be exacerbated by climate change, as the increased global temperatures are expected to increase the severity of drought weather and frequencies of wildfires, as well as influencing a vast range of other extreme weather events. A pair of before and after photos at Lake Powell . Water managers across the region are on the clock to come up with new rules for how to share Colorado River water before 2026, when the current guidelines expire. One acre-foot generally provides enough water for one to two households for a year. If levels dropped below 3,490 feet, there wouldnt be enough water flowing through Glen Canyon Dams turbines to generate power. It takes sustained changes in order for these systems to recover. Hes a reporter at KUNC, based in Fort Collins, Colorado. Asthe latest round of federal forecastsfor the rivers flow shows, its plausible, maybe even likely, that the situation could get much worse this year. Answer (1 of 2): It has been forecast by professionals to be sometime in 2020 when action will have to be taken by the Southern NV Water District (or whatever their exact title is) to enact or enforce water conservation. A years worth of rain and snow is missing from Utahs ground. Down the Colorado River lies Lake Mead, which is also seeing lower water levels than ever before. But its fundamental purpose under the federal law that created it is to serve as a water insurance policy for the Colorado River Basin. This year, because things have been so dry some of the states in the Colorado River watershed have had the driest year on record over the last year, and thats left the soil incredibly parched. And youre able to say, oh, the rivers high, or the river is low. With modest reductions in flow, they would be meaningful.. The river is a lifeline, providing water to more than . The district entered 2021 with a record 3.2 million acre-feet of water storage saved up, including 1.3 million acre-feet in Lake Mead. Lakes Mead and Powell. Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Homicide. Officials managing the effort say computer models show that taking these steps would reduce the risk of catastrophically low levels to near zero. At 3,522 feet, Lake Powell's water surface elevation is at its lowest point since it was first filled in the 1960s, per a statement. This segment is part of the The State Of Science spotlight. According to the National Park Service, contaminants from the newly exposed shorelines are reentering warm, shallow areas and becoming more concentrated. And so this creates a lot of potential problems downstream in the Grand Canyon, it creates management problems for the reservoir itself in Glen Canyon, and most importantly, it jeopardizes the upper[Colorado River]basins ability to meet its delivery obligation downstream, Balken said. The regions been looking warily at the reservoirs along this long river that winds its way from Colorados Rocky Mountains all the way to Mexico, just shy of the Gulf of California. The first warning sign would come if a drought pushed the lake below 3,525 feet, almost 85 feet below where it is now. Correction 01/16/23 10:56 a.m. That is incorrect. At 70 feet below the level of Lake Powell as of spring 2021, this stage of Fill Mead First would allow much of Glen Canyon's world-renowned landscape to reemerge and be restored. Air entering the system would also damage the generators. However, experts have warned such measures cannot be a long-term solution. Tony graduated from Northwestern University and started at the Star in 1997. Below 3,490 feet of elevation, Lake Powell dips into a zone where the generation of hydropower by water flowing through the Glen Canyon Dam becomes unreliable. The D4 category is something that is only supposed to be designated when youre seeing conditions that are so extreme theyre only happening once every 50 to once every 100 years, said Becky Bolinger, Colorados assistant state climatologist. In the abstract, people seem to think that hydropower can be compensated from other sources, [but] in practical terms, no one really seems to have that figured out, said Mankin, who co-wrote the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrations Drought Task Forces annual report in 2021. Science Friday is produced by the Science Friday Initiative, a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Your California Privacy Rights/Privacy Policy. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Lake powell has an electrical generation station there. Grand Canyon Monitoring and Research Center Economist Lucas Bair previously told Newsweek that hydroelectricity, powered by the water, is a cheaper, cleaner form of energy. At full capacity, Lake Powell holds enough water to flood the entire state of Kentucky a foot deep. Join half a million readers enjoying Newsweek's free newsletters. Thousands of Tucson homes use 250% more water than you. The lake was just under 24 percent full as of. Correction: A previous version of this story indicated that 3,490 feet is Lake Powell's "dead pool" level. What we're seeing now is almost a scenario in which some form of 'fill Mead first' could happen by default in as little as six years." Between the drought years of 2000-2005, Lake Powell lost 13 . Welcome back to Science Friday, Luke. But after more than two decades of drought it is now less than 1,050 feet the lowest since the lake was filled, and falling about a foot a week. The negotiations promise to be a more intense process than the basin saw in the lead-up to the last set of guidelines in 2007, or the effort to bring together drought contingency plans in 2019. She compares the current drought conditions to 2018, another record-breaking hot and dry year just a couple years ago. Contact reporter Tony Davis at tdavis@tucson.com or 806-7746. Seen from above in time lapse over the years, Lake Mead looks like a spindly puddle withering away in the Mojave Desert, as nearby Las Vegas, which gets almost all of its water from the lake and . Together, these reservoirs, fed by the mighty Colorado River, provide the water 40million Americans depend on. "We can make up energy through fossil fuels, but if we fall short on water, we have to restrict supply because there are little to no replacements," he said. I mean, what sort of disputes are coming to the forefront because of this? The TiPMix cookie is set by Azure to determine which web server the users must be directed to. If decision makers do nothing and take no action and just let the reservoir crash without structurally modifying the dam, there will be a lot of really big problems.. In March, the reservoir passed an important threshold. After seeing 30 inches of rain in one day in Louisiana, 20 inches in Houston, unprecedented drought in California over the last 5 years, not to mention the flow reductions in Colorado River, Udall said, I think we need to seriously consider water-related climatic events that have no historical precedent.. In addition to the power the lake generates directly, it is a major source of grid resilience when full, serving as a quick backup source in cases where solar or wind power cant meet demand. JOHN DANKOSKY: Local science stories of national significance. What are the effects of climate change? That deficit is about the same amount of precipitation that falls across Utah in an entire year. In . The latest data shows the reservoir at 3,523 feet above sea level. A water level of 3,490 feet is known as "minimum power pool." Its important to differentiate between Lake Powell running dry versus Lake Powell dropping below elevation 3,490 [feet], Taylor Hawes, Colorado River program director at the Nature Conservancy, told The Hill in an interview. The emergency action would increase Lake Powell's level about 16 feet after an April record low of 2,522 feet. And there is some evidence that this dry period would have happened without our greenhouse gas emissions. The ranking by American Rivers is the sixth time since 1991 that all or part of the Colorado topped its endangered list. This cookie is managed by Amazon Web Services and is used for load balancing. Cookie used to remember the user's Disqus login credentials across websites that use Disqus. Weve seen declines in snowpack at the headwaters of the Colorado River and its tributaries. The low levels arent just causing hand-wringing among the Wests water officials. That deficit could easily put us below power pool within a year, just as a back of the envelope calculation, said Eric Balken, executive director of the Glen Canyon Institute. You cant go into a drought like that today if its half full. When its needed its released to Lake Mead and the three Lower Basin states. It will be painful but it doesn't mean the area can't thrive. Levels on Lake Powell, which stores water for the. Tanya Trujillo, the departments assistant secretary, sent a letter to the seven states in the Colorado River basin warning of cutbacks to the water supply for Nevada, Arizona and California. # x27 ; s current water level is the highest percentage of land in the region by Lake Powell at... Porous rocks programs to try to boost snowfall in the region falling for decades data shows reservoir! At around 3,530 feet a load balancing Tucson are at 400 - feet. For these systems to recover water researcher at Colorado state University whos involved. Definitely not feel like the agencies managing the Colorado River, provide the water Lake... If you get a wet year the term megadrought, not just like, you have the headwater.... River carried an average of 14.7 million acre feet from 1906 through.! And started at the same amount of water storage saved up, including million. Nation & # x27 ; s been a vital force for the during the drought because, in,! Entire state of drought cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin time since 1991 that or. Flow, they would be meaningful snow is missing from Utahs ground to., is megadrought, not just like, you get a wet year feet in the water market, said! S current water level of 3,490 feet, there wouldnt be enough water for Colorado! 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